SHELL CHARCOAL

I. Market

Table 1: List of some big importers for shell charcoal in 2015

Importers	Trade Indicators
Importers	Value imported in 2015 (USD thousand)	Trade balance in 2015 (USD thousand)	Quantity imported in 2015	Quantity Unit	Unit value (USD/unit)	Annual growth in value between 2011-2015 (%)	Annual growth in quantity between 2011-2015 (%)	Annual growth in value between 2014-2015 (%)	Share in world imports (%)	Average distance of supplying countries (km)	Concentration of supplying countries
World	1159634	-95793	0	No quantity		6	8	-1	100	4322	0.06
Japan	133873	-130710	165923	Tons	807	2	2	1	11.5	3680	0.19
Korea, Republic of	113478	-112952	121016	Tons	938	7	2	7	9.8	3009	0.27
Germany	106755	-95513	225588	Tons	473	0	0	-9	9.2	3802	0.19
United States of America	64269	-51884	103561	Tons	621	17	11	21	5.5	5433	0.3
France	53365	-42660	114273	Tons	467	0	7	-6	4.6	1800	0.23
Saudi Arabia	50500	-50500	117405	Tons	430	39	2	69	4.4	5652	0.2
China	49978	59344	172780	Tons	289	3	1	-19	4.3	3206	0.2
United Kingdom	46936	-45287	79055	Tons	594	4	6	-15	4	5966	0.14
Turkey	36676	-36150	82305	Tons	446	35	23	23	3.2	8435	0.25
Poland	33705	43529	119344	Tons	282	5		-2	2.9	2374	0.38
Belgium	31211	6293	78904	Tons	396	-2	-2	9	2.7	3625	0.15
Greece	29324	-29022	60551	Tons	484	0	0	-5	2.5	7890	0.21
Norway	28340	-28019	45025	Tons	629	6	4	7	2.4	9087	0.55
Chile	25925	-25923	62589	Tons	414	14	11	84	2.2	2579	0.4
Italy	25825	-25039	58115	Tons	444	-1	-3	-10	2.2	6681	0.16
Netherlands	21583	-3681	58271	Tons	370	-4	2	-17	1.9	5109	0.11
Portugal	16045	-13264	40992	Tons	391	3	-7	-15	1.4	3801	0.3
Spain	15890	-718	26617	Tons	597	1	-5	-1	1.4	5800	0.14
Sweden	14639	-12976	24768	Tons	591	1	6	-46	1.3	2288	0.4
Kuwait	14447	-14152	32601	Tons	443	-3	-7	-41	1.2	6782	0.19
Sri Lanka	14426	-9551	30225	Tons	477	19	21	-6	1.2	3246	0.34
Thailand	14318	-389	126813	Tons	113	2	1	-14	1.2	905	0.39
Denmark	12261	-9142	20688	Tons	593	18	20	40	1.1	4147	0.28
South Africa	11563	1870	88992	Tons	130	-1	3	-5	1	2835	0.54
Canada	10850	-8977	1143398	Tons	9.49	1	31	-6	0.9	4019	0.36
United Arab Emirates	10803	-5531	14115	Tons	765	36	44	6	0.9	6405	0.21
Iran, Islamic Republic of	10343	-10327	5299	Tons	1952	38	22	81	0.9	5804	0.99
Taipei, Chinese	10108	-9650	36975	Tons	273	4	0	1	0.9	2721	0.23
Israel	9679	-9666	0	No quantity		7		-10	0.8	7111	0.15
Austria	8379	-7839	0	Mixed		3		-1	0.7	968	0.2
Switzerland	8152	-8100	12357	Tons	660	-3	1	-12	0.7	2566	0.13
India	7979	1305	16502	Tons	484	133	22	15	0.7	4567	0.57
Australia	7001	-6991	14197	Tons	493	18	17	-9	0.6	6936	0.23
Singapore	6951	-1231	21986	Tons	316	12	9	39	0.6	1329	0.81
Bahrain	6574	-6370	12050	Tons	546	22	13	37	0.6	6985	0.26
Cyprus	6497	-6497	12441	Tons	522	3	3	-3	0.6	4230	0.25
Oman	6085	-6006	10727	Tons	567	20	35	-14	0.5	1683	0.63
Jordan	5765	-5722	6486	Tons	889	-6	-23	22	0.5	7014	0.22
Malaysia	5673	18428	23706	Tons	239	12	33	-5	0.5	1401	0.42
Lebanon	5063	-4737	11041	Tons	459	39	203	40	0.4	10123	0.32
Viet Nam	4985	22208	11247	Tons	443	114	167	144	0.4	1528	0.57
Czech Republic	4914	-4555	7572	Tons	649	4	0	-16	0.4	1674	0.5
Bhutan	4455	-4438	17834	Tons	250			-51	0.4	1298	1
Lithuania	3834	-504	6734	Tons	569	44	44	33	0.3	626	0.22
Russian Federation	3650	4148	4439	Tons	822	8	12	45	0.3	7665	0.7
Indonesia	3521	186734	1210	Tons	2910	107	110	10	0.3	4647	0.93
Brazil	3391	-1741	12796	Tons	265	-25	-39	-45	0.3	11122	0.3
Qatar	3007	-3004	5729	Tons	525	16	-1	-23	0.3	5365	0.19
Hong Kong, China	2653	-2359	5257	Tons	505	-8	-8	-28	0.2	2424	0.22
Croatia	2271	1524	6001	Tons	378	21	24	-5	0.2	370	0.36
Slovakia	2076	-1629	4027	Tons	516	20	21	-22	0.2	781	0.45

Source: Trademap.org

Table 2: List of importing markets for shell charcoal exported by Viet Nam in 2015

Importers	Trade Indicators
Importers	Exported value 2015 (USD thousand)	Trade balance 2015 (USD thousand)	Share in Viet Nam's exports (%)	Exported quantity 2015	Quantity unit	Unit value (USD/unit)	Exported growth in value between 2011-2015 (%, p.a.)	Exported growth in quantity between 2011-2015 (%, p.a.)	Exported growth in value between 2014-2015 (%, p.a.)	Ranking of partner countries in world imports	Share of partner countries in world imports (%)	Total import growth in value of partner countries between 2011-2015 (%, p.a.)
Total	27193	22208	100	39500	Tons	688	39	9	26		100	6
Korea, Republic of	13218	13196	48.6	11036	Tons	1198	71	47	89	2	9.8	7
Japan	5138	5112	18.9	5365	Tons	958	115	102	-27	1	11.5	2
Kuwait	2992	2992	11	6381	Tons	469		555	109	20	1.2	-3
Taipei, Chinese	2261	2256	8.3	10153	Tons	223	-7	-12	-7	28	0.9	4
Saudi Arabia	1306	1306	4.8	2268	Tons	576			185	6	4.4	39
China	490	470	1.8	1444	Tons	339	-28	-33	-41	7	4.3	3
Jordan	426	426	1.6	528	Tons	807		105	252	38	0.5	-6
Australia	351	351	1.3	671	Tons	523	42	40	91	33	0.6	18
Hong Kong, China	257	257	0.9	512	Tons	502	5	0	-20	49	0.2	-8
United States of America	223	223	0.8	347	Tons	643	67	58	-76	4	5.5	17
Brazil	88	88	0.3	130	Tons	677		66	110	47	0.3	-25
Sri Lanka	88	88	0.3	159	Tons	553	57	-24	-80	21	1.2	19
Turkey	72	72	0.3	98	Tons	735	158	49	-22	9	3.2	35
India	57	57	0.2	128	Tons	445	83	44	338	32	0.7	133
Thailand	51	-737	0.2	106	Tons	481	-3	41		22	1.2	2
Israel	43	43	0.2	0	No quantity		-23			29	0.8	7
Oman	40	40	0.1	71	Tons	563				37	0.5	20
France	21	21	0.1	18	Tons	1167			1079	5	4.6	0
Greece	19	19	0.1	29	Tons	655			375	12	2.5	0
Canada	14	14	0.1	10	Tons	1400		60	-33	25	0.9	1
Germany	14	14	0.1	14	Tons	1000	15	9		3	9.2	0
New Caledonia	12	12	0	6	Tons	2000			50	102	0	-34
Russian Federation	12	12	0	26	Tons	462		-13	-88	45	0.3	8

Viet Nam's exports represent 2.56% of world exports for shell charcoal, its ranking in world exports is 12

Source: Trademap.org

Table 3: List of importing companies for shell charcoal

Company name	Number of product or service categories traded	Number of employees	Country	City	Website
R.A.Export& Import	9	20-49	India	Thoothukudi
Radha Traders	6		India	Virudhunagar	http://www.radhatraders.net

Source: Trademap.org

II. The process of producing shell charcoal

There are many methods of coconut shell charcoal production, but the drum method and pit method are the most widespread. In general, shell charcoal is made by burning coconut shells in a limited supply of oxygen. It is important to know that oxygen could destroy shells if the air will not be limited. It should be used clean, fully dried and mature shells in order to get high quality charcoal.

The drum method of making coconut shell charcoal

The drum kiln is one of the most widespread methods of coconut shell carbonization. It has 3 sets which consist of 6 holes, middle and upper layers and a lid. The drum also includes a chimney which is placed on the lid of the drum. Optimum carbonization of shell in a limited supply of oxygen provides good quality charcoal.

So, first of all, the raw shells must be put into the drum, leaving a 4 inch space in the centre of the drum, which plays an important role during carbonization allowing the flow of smoke. To start carbonization, a fire should be started in the middle of the circle using a piece of a coconut shell. Then, all the free space in the drum should be filled with raw materials. When the flames flare up, the chimney and the lid should be attached. The middle and the upper sets must be closed. When some of shells shrink to the bottom, more coconut shells should be added up to the brim of the drum. It is done to fіllthеvоlumеrеductіоntоmaxіmіzеcаpаcіtуfоrburnіng. The process of carbonization begins at the bottom of the drum and goes up. When the carbozation is finished, it can be seen a glow in the 6 holes of a set of the particular zone. When the holes of the bottom zone indicate this glow it means that the bottom set is closed, while the middle set is opened. When the carbonization in the middle zone is completed, its holes are closed and the bottom holes are opened. Сlosing of the top set of the holes after the full carbonization in the top region stops the airflow into the drum. The charcoal could be gotten and packed after about 8 hours when the drum is cooled. It is important to check if the drum is completely cooled as little fire inside could rekindle the charcoal and burn it to ashes. In general, using drum method 30 thousand of coconut shells are needed to produce 1 ton of coconut shell charcoal.

Coconut shell charcoal briquette manufacture and advantages

The processing of coconut shell charcoal briquettes includes the carbonization of the coconut shells first and then crushing it to the powder, allowing to manufacture different shape and size charcoal briquettes. For this purpose the charcoal drum or stove and the charcoal powder making machine are used. The drum or the stove should maintain the temperature of 500 - 900 °F.

There are some advantages of using coconut shell charcoal briquettes. Firstly, it is completely eco-friendly product, which is produced from sustainable natural resources. The ash content of the coconut shells is around 0.6% and the lignin is about 36.5%, what helps to turn the shell into briquettes fairly easily. As a result less ash is produced to the environment during burning. In addition, these briquettes are very safe to use and easy to ignite. The coconut shell charcoal briquettes do not emit any toxic gases, so it is safe to use it for outdoor cooking as well. In general, because of its high level of calorific value the briquettes can be used in food and metallurgy industries, as stove fuel etc.

So, coconut shells are good raw materials to produce coconut shell charcoal. The process of converting shells to charcoal includes removing all the moisture from the raw material in a limited supply of air. It requires a special charcoal drum to carbonize the coconut shells and produce high quality charcoal. The coconut shell charcoal is widely used in food and metallurgy industries. It is also an excellent raw material source to manufacture activated carbon etc.

III. Suppliers for shell charcoal

Table 4: List of exporting companies for shell charcoal

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Company name	Number of product or service categories traded	Number of employees	Country	City	Website
Active Char Products Private Limited	2		India	Ernakulam	http://www.activechar.com
Alchem Industries	6	Oct-19	India	Coimbatore
Allwin International	3	0-9	India	Chennai
Alpha Traders	2		India	Coimbatore
Bharti Exports	8	Oct-19	India	Bengaluru	http://www.bhartiexports.in
Blumen Carbon	2	20-49	India	Erode
Boyce Carbon	2	20-49	India	Coimbatore	http://www.boyce.in
Chemicals and Allied Products Export Promotion Council	58	1000-4999	India	Kolkata	http://www.kompass.in/capexil
Core Carbons Private Limited	2	20-49	India	Coimbatore	http://www.corecarbons.com
Devan Exports	6	20-49	India	Madurai
G.S.Impex	6	20-49	India	Coimbatore
Gangajanuma Exim	4	20-49	India	Coimbatore	http://www.entokyoindia.com
Gee Carbon	2	20-49	India	Coimbatore
GM Industries	1	20-49	India	Erode
Golden Cashew Products Private Limited	20	50-99	India	Pondicherry	http://www.kompass.in/golden-cashew-products-pvt-ltd
Green India Exports	5	20-49	India	Pollachi< Other news coconut jelly Desiccated Coconut Benefits of Coconut Oil 101+ Best Coconut Oil Uses and Benefits for Home and Beauty 10 Reasons to Use Coconut Oil Everyday Support online Viet Delta Achievement Video MARKET EXPORT Find us on Facebook Twitter Google+ Linkedin VIET DELTA CORPORATION 20/5 Dinh Bo Linh Str, Ward 24, Binh Thanh Dist, HoChiMinh city, Vietnam Tel: (84) 2835119589 - (84) 238998085 / Fax: (84) 2835119559 Email: info@vdelta.com.vn / Website: www.coconutvietnam.com.vn / Tax Code: 0303143864 Copyright © 2013 by Viet Delta - Alright reserved. Designed by OSG.VN