15-20m high tree, have shaft bearing leaves from the top beam. Leaf thickness, sawn feather blade. Inflorescence branching can be shaded deciduous mo. In the inflorescence, usually male flowers above, female below; fragrant male flowers. Nuts ovate, rounded particles may contain a coiled endosperm, light brown when mature.
Flowers: month 2-8, fruit: month 11-5 .
Parts used: Dried beans - Semen Arecae, often called the Bridegroom. Between the outer shells and shell - Pericarpium Arecae, often being called the Great packaging.
Habitat and harvest: Plants of the Indo - Malaysia, is grown in many countries, from Malaysia through the Philippines, Thailand, Indochina, China, India, Madagascar and East Africa. In our country, he was planted a long time and is quite popular across the countryside to eat fruit and betel nut medicine. Planting by seed in spring. After 5-6 years to harvest; each chamber fruit scowling 200-300. Collecting orbs and old to get seed pods. Grain drying or drying to dry completely. When users take 2-3 days of dry beans soaked in water until soft, change the water once a day (not so soaked in irons, as in seed tannin). Fish out of water drained, sliced, dried or dried at a temperature of 40-50oC to below 10% moisture (not stars). Shells washed clean, soft annealed one night, my car, dried or dried to below 10% moisture, alcohol soaked stars (depending on application) can cook a special high. Need storage in dry, sulfur steam occasionally to prevent mold beetles.
Chemical Composition: The Betel nut 10-15% fatty oil, protid 5-10%, 50-60% glucide, 15% tannins, alkaloids in combination with tannin 0.3-0.5%. the main alkaloid is arecolin, arecaidin (arecain) guvacolin, guvacin and isoguvacin, arecolidin. Pods and seeds contain the alkaloid as in (arecolin, guvacolin, guvacin ...) but with very low levels.
Sophisticated effects: Betel nut spicy, bitter, acrid, warm computer, target volume effects, operating water disinfection, except helminths. Areca peel is sweet, the steam, as warm, ventilation work, hydraulic action, through elementary school age.
It has been said arecolin, the active substance in the spheres of power the parasympathetic, as muscarin. It increases the secretion and miosis. With low doses, it stimulates nerve; with high doses, it would paralyze nerves. It increases peristalsis, as paralyzed as styles available nicotine, ie inhibition of ganglia, neuromuscular junction, do not cling to the intestinal fluke is.
